Types of ADHD Medications
The use of medications for ADHD can ease symptoms by helping neurons transmit messages more efficiently. Certain types of medication increase neurotransmitters while others slow down the process of reuptake.
Stimulants
The majority of stimulants prescribed to treat ADHD are methylphenidates (including Ritalin) or amphetamines. They can start working in as little as 20 minutes and last for about four hours. They are available in pill, patch, or liquid form.
Stimulants
Stimulants are the most commonly used kind of prescription medication that healthcare professionals use to treat ADHD. They work by increasing levels of certain chemicals in the brain (neurotransmitters). These neurotransmitters aid people to focus, think and control their emotions. People with ADHD often notice that their symptoms improve when they are taking stimulant medications. It may take a while for the doctor and patient to discover the appropriate medication for each individual.
Stimulant medicines can be taken in pill or liquid form. They are typically taken once or twice daily. Some are immediate release, meaning that they begin working immediately. Others are extended-release and operate over a longer period. The majority of stimulants prescribed by doctors for ADHD belong to the methylphenidate group. Adderall is the most commonly prescribed methylphenidate. Other brand names include Concerta Ritalin Focalin.
Amphetamines are also sometimes used to treat ADHD, but they have a more amplifying effect than the methylphenidates. In the past, these drugs were abused by truck drivers, athletes, and students for their ability to keep people awake and alert. Amphetamines can also raise blood pressure and heart rate as well as appetite. adhd without medication prescribe this group of medications to children with severe symptoms that don't respond well to other treatments.
Atomoxetine is a different medication which has been proven to be effective in treating ADHD. It works by blocking the process of reuptake of the chemical called noradrenaline in the brain, which helps to pass messages between neurons. Atomoxetine is generally prescribed to teenagers, adults and children above 5 years old if it's not possible to take methylphenidate or Lisdexamfetamine. It's available as a tablet that releases immediately or a controlled-release capsule taken twice or once a day.
Side effects of stimulant medications can include stomach upset, changes in heart rate or blood pressure, and Tics. Tics are sudden, frequent movements or sounds like eye blinking or throat clearing. The majority of people who take stimulants don't develop tics. However some teenagers and children who use these medications do. Other side effects of stimulant medications are headaches, a loss of appetite and trouble sleeping.
Medicines are just one part of a comprehensive treatment plan for ADHD. Other treatments include psychotherapy, behavior therapy, training for skills and lifestyle changes. Medications may be combined with these other treatments to maximize the benefits for people suffering from ADHD.
Treatment for ADHD continues throughout adulthood. Many people suffering from the condition continue to require medication, therapy for behavioral issues and/or skills training as they get older.
The National Resource Center for ADHD offers information and resources.
The FDA recommends that healthcare professionals carefully observe patients when they are taking ADHD medication to ensure that the proper dosage is being administered and that it has a a positive impact on the person's symptoms. This includes regular visits with the doctor to assess for any adverse reactions or other health issues. During these appointments the doctor will ask about any other medications the patient is taking--both prescription and nonprescription, which includes over-the-counter drugs, supplements and herbal remedies.